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The conversion specifier %f in the printf function is used to format and display floating point numbers. When a value is provided that is of the float or double data type, %f instructs printf to print that value in decimal notation. This is particularly useful in programming when you need to output numerical representations with decimal points, allowing for a clear presentation of values that may not be whole numbers.

For instance, if you have a variable containing a floating-point number like 3.14, using %f in printf will output it in a standard decimal format. This specifier can also accept optional flags and modifiers to adjust the number of decimal places displayed.

This is why %f is associated with formatting floating point numbers, making it the correct choice in this scenario.